Difference between revisions of "Reduce Crime, Law Enforcement & Corrections Costs"
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Return to [[Opioid_Top-Level_Strategy_Map|Opioid Top-Level Strategy Map]] __TOC__ | Return to [[Opioid_Top-Level_Strategy_Map|Opioid Top-Level Strategy Map]] __TOC__ | ||
= Background = | = Background = | ||
− | Many studies have shown a link between drug use and crime and that drug users participate in riskier behavior.< | + | Many studies have shown a link between drug use and crime and that drug users participate in riskier behavior.<ref>Saadatmand, Toma, & Choquette, 2012; Grogger & Willis, 2000; Gordon et al., 2013.</ref> |
*Heroin addicts participate in a higher proportion of criminal activity outside of the crimes specific to drug possession than other drug users. | *Heroin addicts participate in a higher proportion of criminal activity outside of the crimes specific to drug possession than other drug users. | ||
− | *Generally the more an addict uses the more crime they commit.< | + | *Generally the more an addict uses the more crime they commit.<ref>Gordon et al., 2013; Blom Nilsson et al., 2014; Hucklesby, 2010</ref> |
− | *These drug-related crimes take an economic toll on the criminal justice system. A recent article from the American Academy of Pain Medicine reports that opioid misuse cost the criminal justice system $5.1 billion.< | + | *These drug-related crimes take an economic toll on the criminal justice system. A recent article from the American Academy of Pain Medicine reports that opioid misuse cost the criminal justice system $5.1 billion.<ref>Birnbaum HG, White AG, Schiller M., Waldman T, Cleveland JM, and Roland CL. Societal costs of prescription opioid abuse, dependence, and misuse in the United States. Pain Medicine 2011; 12: 657-667. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21392250</ref><br/> |
= Law Enforcement Accidental Overdoses = | = Law Enforcement Accidental Overdoses = | ||
− | With the distribution of [[Additional_Info_on_Fentanyl|fentanyl]], a powerful opioid that can be lethal in small amounts, law enforcement officers are now at risk of overdose.< | + | With the distribution of [[Additional_Info_on_Fentanyl|fentanyl]], a powerful opioid that can be lethal in small amounts, law enforcement officers are now at risk of overdose.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]</ref> Fentanyl overdoses can occur by: |
− | *Inhalation< | + | *Inhalation<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]</ref> |
− | *Absorbed through the skin< | + | *Absorbed through the skin<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]</ref> |
This rise of fentanyl cases will be very costly to law enforcement. | This rise of fentanyl cases will be very costly to law enforcement. | ||
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Different types of drug related criminal offenses | Different types of drug related criminal offenses | ||
− | *'''Alcohol and substance-defined''' – This means that the person violates the law regarding or providing the manufacture, distribution, use, or possession of alcohol and illicit substances. Examples may include providing alcohol to minors, production, sales, or distribution of illegal drugs, or illegal drug possession.< | + | *'''Alcohol and substance-defined''' – This means that the person violates the law regarding or providing the manufacture, distribution, use, or possession of alcohol and illicit substances. Examples may include providing alcohol to minors, production, sales, or distribution of illegal drugs, or illegal drug possession.<ref>https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-abuse-treatment-criminal-justice-populations/introduction</ref> |
− | *'''Alcohol and drug-related''' – These include violations of the law because someone is trying to get money to pay for drugs or alcohol or breaking the law because they are under the influence. Examples here may include violence against friends and family, stealing in order to nurse a habit, vandalism, fights, or a DWI charge.< | + | *'''Alcohol and drug-related''' – These include violations of the law because someone is trying to get money to pay for drugs or alcohol or breaking the law because they are under the influence. Examples here may include violence against friends and family, stealing in order to nurse a habit, vandalism, fights, or a DWI charge.<ref>https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-abuse-treatment-criminal-justice-populations/introduction</ref> |
− | *'''Lifestyle''' – Law violations directly related to living a lifestyle where the person may not have a source of income or job and is repeatedly exposed to individuals and situations that promote crime. Examples include relationships developed through the use of illicit substances, meaning the user has more chances to violate the law and learn illegal skills from other offenders.< | + | *'''Lifestyle''' – Law violations directly related to living a lifestyle where the person may not have a source of income or job and is repeatedly exposed to individuals and situations that promote crime. Examples include relationships developed through the use of illicit substances, meaning the user has more chances to violate the law and learn illegal skills from other offenders.<ref>https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-abuse-treatment-criminal-justice-populations/introduction</ref> |
= Current Crime Reduction Efforts in Other Countries = | = Current Crime Reduction Efforts in Other Countries = | ||
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#(Aebi, Ribeaud, & Killias, 1999, van den Brink et al., 2003, Nadelmann, 2015 in ICPC, 2015) | #(Aebi, Ribeaud, & Killias, 1999, van den Brink et al., 2003, Nadelmann, 2015 in ICPC, 2015) | ||
#*''Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report''. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. [http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pdf http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pd] | #*''Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report''. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. [http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pdf http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pd] | ||
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Revision as of 22:24, 22 September 2019
Contents
Background
Many studies have shown a link between drug use and crime and that drug users participate in riskier behavior.[1]
- Heroin addicts participate in a higher proportion of criminal activity outside of the crimes specific to drug possession than other drug users.
- Generally the more an addict uses the more crime they commit.[2]
- These drug-related crimes take an economic toll on the criminal justice system. A recent article from the American Academy of Pain Medicine reports that opioid misuse cost the criminal justice system $5.1 billion.[3]
Law Enforcement Accidental Overdoses
With the distribution of fentanyl, a powerful opioid that can be lethal in small amounts, law enforcement officers are now at risk of overdose.[4] Fentanyl overdoses can occur by:
This rise of fentanyl cases will be very costly to law enforcement.
Types of Crimes
Different types of drug related criminal offenses
- Alcohol and substance-defined – This means that the person violates the law regarding or providing the manufacture, distribution, use, or possession of alcohol and illicit substances. Examples may include providing alcohol to minors, production, sales, or distribution of illegal drugs, or illegal drug possession.[7]
- Alcohol and drug-related – These include violations of the law because someone is trying to get money to pay for drugs or alcohol or breaking the law because they are under the influence. Examples here may include violence against friends and family, stealing in order to nurse a habit, vandalism, fights, or a DWI charge.[8]
- Lifestyle – Law violations directly related to living a lifestyle where the person may not have a source of income or job and is repeatedly exposed to individuals and situations that promote crime. Examples include relationships developed through the use of illicit substances, meaning the user has more chances to violate the law and learn illegal skills from other offenders.[9]
Current Crime Reduction Efforts in Other Countries
Link to Summary of Crime Reduction Efforts in Other Countries.
Tools + Resources
TR - Reduce Crime Due to Opioid Misuse & Law Enforcement Costs
Scorecard Building
Potential Objective Details
Potential Measures and Data Sources
Potential Actions and Partners
Resources to Investigate
More RTI on Opioid Misuse & Law Enforcement Costs
PAGE MANAGER: [insert name here]
SUBJECT MATTER EXPERT: [fill out table below]
Reviewer | Date | Comments |
Sources
- Saadatmand, Toma, & Choquette, 2012; Grogger & Willis, 2000; Gordon et al., 2013.
- (Gordon et al., 2013; Blom Nilsson et al., 2014; Hucklesby, 2010)
- DELETED
- Birnbaum HG, White AG, Schiller M., Waldman T, Cleveland JM, and Roland CL. Societal costs of prescription opioid abuse, dependence, and misuse in the United States. Pain Medicine 2011; 12: 657-667. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21392250
- http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]
- http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]
- http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]
- http://www.newbeginningsdrugrehab.org/drug-addiction/drug-addiction-and-crime/]
- http://www.newbeginningsdrugrehab.org/drug-addiction/drug-addiction-and-crime/]
- http://www.newbeginningsdrugrehab.org/drug-addiction/drug-addiction-and-crime/]
- Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. [1].
- (UNODC, 2013 and European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, 2013 in ICPC, 2015)
- Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pdf
- Can mass media campaigns prevent young people from using drugs? [Government]. Retrieved from (5 June 2015): http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/topics/pods/massmedia-campaigns
- (Dusenbury, 2000 in ICPC, 2015)
- Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pdf
- (Kumpfer et al., 2003 in ICPC, 2015)
- Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pdf
- (Aebi, Ribeaud, & Killias, 1999, van den Brink et al., 2003, Nadelmann, 2015 in ICPC, 2015)
- Prevention of Drug-Related Crime Report. Rep. International Centre for the Prevention of Crime (ICPC), June 2015. Web. 23 Jan. 2017. http://www.unodc.org/documents/ungass2016//Contributions/Civil/ICPC/Rapport_FINAL_ENG_2015.pd
- ^ Saadatmand, Toma, & Choquette, 2012; Grogger & Willis, 2000; Gordon et al., 2013.
- ^ Gordon et al., 2013; Blom Nilsson et al., 2014; Hucklesby, 2010
- ^ Birnbaum HG, White AG, Schiller M., Waldman T, Cleveland JM, and Roland CL. Societal costs of prescription opioid abuse, dependence, and misuse in the United States. Pain Medicine 2011; 12: 657-667. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21392250
- ^ http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]
- ^ http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]
- ^ http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/16/health/police-fentanyl-overdose-trnd/?iid=ob_article_footer_expansion]
- ^ https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-abuse-treatment-criminal-justice-populations/introduction
- ^ https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-abuse-treatment-criminal-justice-populations/introduction
- ^ https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-abuse-treatment-criminal-justice-populations/introduction