PO - Increase Early Interventions for People Misusing Drugs

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Brief Description

 

Examples of a description for this Objective

Enable People Who Start Misusing Opioids to Quickly Quit

Evidence
A multi-pronged approach is needed to address the prescription opioid epidemic, which includes targeting prescription drug production, distribution, prescribing, dispensing, use and treatment that can contribute to abuse; and offer opportunities to intervene for the purpose of preventing and treating misuse, abuse and overdose.
 

  • Four in five new heroin users started out misusing prescription painkillers
  • 94% of respondents in a 2014 survey of people in treatment for opioid addiction said they chose to use heroin because prescription opioids were "far more expensive and harder to obtain"
  • In 2012, an estimated 2.1 million Americans were addicted to opioid pain relievers and 467,000 were addicted to heroin.
  • Most adolescents who misuse prescription pain relievers are given them for free by a friend or relative
  • The prescribing rates for prescription opioids among adolescents and young adults nearly doubled from 1994 to 2007
  • Women are more likely to have chronic pain, be prescribed prescription pain relievers, be given higher doses, and use them for longer time periods than men.
  • Women may become dependent on prescription pain relievers more quickly than men.


NIDA-
The risks for addiction to prescription drugs increase when they are used in ways other than as prescribed (e.g., at higher doses, by different routes of administration, or combined with alcohol or other drugs). Physicians, their patients, and pharmacists all can play a role in identifying and preventing prescription drug abuse.

Physicians
 

  • More than 80% of Americans had contact with a healthcare professional in the past year
  • To mitigate addiction risk, physicians should screen patients for potential risk factors- including personal or family history of drug abuse or mental illness
  • Physicians should ask about all drugs a patient is taking in order to recognize that a problem exists, set recovery goals, and seek appropriate treatment
  • Screening for prescription drug misuse/abuse can be incorporated into routine medical visits
  • Physicians should take note of rapid increases in the amount of medication needed or frequent, unscheduled refill requests
  • Mitigate doctor shopping through the use of the PDMP system



Pharmacists

 

  • Can help patients understand instructions for taking their medication
  • Should be watchful of prescription falsifications or alterations
  • Use of PDMPs can assist medical professionals in identifying patients who are getting prescriptions from multiple sources



To learn more:
John Hopkins School of Public Health - Opioid Epidemic Town Hall 2016

ASAM - Opioid Addiction Facts and Figures 2016

NIDA - How can prescription drug misuse be prevented?
 

Examples of a From-To Gap

Current State   Desired State
     
     
     
     
     

 

Sources

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